Arctic Expedition Spotlight: Carvalho Team Joins POLEs Scientific Mission
In August 2025, Environmental Attorney, Polar Explorer, and Diver Michael Carvalho completed a three-week scientific expedition to the Arctic as part of the Plankton Observations of Lifestyles and Ecobiomes (POLEs) project. This mission is one of seven under The Explorers Club Flag Expedition No. 44, focused on studying rapidly changing coastal ecosystems in the polar regions.
Led by Dr. Angel Yanagihara, Ph.D., biochemist at the University of Hawaii-Manoa, the POLEs team conducted vital research, including:
• Collecting phytoplankton and zooplankton for microscopic analysis
• Measuring ocean conditions—pressure, salinity, dissolved oxygen, temperature, and pH
• Capturing underwater photogrammetry to document marine habitats
• Sampling glacial outflows in Spitsbergen, Norway and icebergs off Greenland’s east coast
The data will be compiled into a scientific paper submitted to The Explorers Club and used to inform environmental policy addressing the effects of climate change on vulnerable polar populations.
Michael was joined by his son, Zac Carvalho, who served as the expedition’s underwater photographer, documenting the Arctic’s fragile ecosystems. The image below shows the POLEs dive team on location, proudly displaying The Explorers Club flag—a symbol of global scientific exploration.
August 2025 – POLEs Arctic Expedition: Dr. Angel Yanagihara, University of Hawaii research professor and leading expert on jellyfish and zooplankton, completes another successful Arctic expedition, where she focused on collecting eDNA samples to assess species populations and the effects of changing salinity and temperature.
Microscopic marvel: A copepod collected from the icy waters of Greenland, captured under high magnification. These tiny crustaceans play a crucial role in Arctic marine ecosystems, serving as a vital link in the oceanic food web.
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